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he was awarded the prize

  • 1 prize

    I 1. noun
    1) (a reward for good work etc: He was awarded a lot of prizes at school.) premie, pris, utmerkelse
    2) (something won in a competition etc: I've won first prize!; ( also adjective) a prize (= having won, or worthy of, a prize) bull.) pris, premie
    2. verb
    (to value highly: He prized my friendship above everything else.) sette pris på, skatte
    II see prise
    bytte
    --------
    gevinst
    --------
    premie
    --------
    rov
    --------
    trofé
    I
    subst. \/praɪz\/
    1) pris
    2) premie
    3) belønning, lønn
    4) (lotteri)gevinst
    5) ( litterært) gode, skatt
    6) ( overført) klenodium, skatt
    the first prize den høyeste gevinsten
    the prizes of life livets goder, alt det er verd å strebe etter i livet
    II
    subst. \/praɪz\/
    (historisk, sjøfart) prise, beslaglagt fartøy
    make a prize of ta som prise, beslaglegge
    III
    verb \/praɪz\/
    vurdere (høyt), skatte (høyt), sette pris på
    IV
    verb \/praɪz\/
    se ➢ prise
    V
    verb \/praɪz\/
    oppbringe, ta som prise, beslaglegge
    VI
    adj. \/praɪz\/
    1) pris-
    2) prisbelønnet, premiert, premie-
    3) ( hverdagslig) som fortjener premie
    4) ( hverdagslig) prima, glimrende, storartet

    English-Norwegian dictionary > prize

  • 2 prize

    1 პრიზი, ჯილდო, პრემია
    ●●a prize fighter პროფესიონალი მოკრივე
    2 დიდად დაფასება (დააფასებს)
    a contest for the prize ბრძოლა / შეჯიბრი პრიზისათვის

    English-Georgian dictionary > prize

  • 3 prize-giving

    N
    1. पुरस्कार वितरण समारोह
    Priya was awarded a prize at the Annual prize-giving function of her school.

    English-Hindi dictionary > prize-giving

  • 4 prize

    I 1. noun
    1) (reward, money) Preis, der

    win or take first prize — den ersten Preis gewinnen

    2) (in lottery) Gewinn, der
    3) (fig.): (something worth striving for) Lohn, der
    2. transitive verb

    prize something [highly] — etwas hoch schätzen

    3. attributive adjective
    1) (prize-winning) preisgekrönt
    2) (awarded as prize)

    prize medal/trophy — Siegesmedaille, die/Siegestrophäe, die

    3) (iron.)

    prize idiot — Vollidiot, der/-idiotin, die (ugs.)

    prize example — Musterbeispiel, das (iron.)

    II transitive verb

    prize [open] — aufstemmen

    prize information/a secret out of somebody — Informationen/ein Geheimnis aus jemandem herauspressen

    * * *
    I 1. noun
    1) (a reward for good work etc: He was awarded a lot of prizes at school.) der Lohn
    2) (something won in a competition etc: I've won first prize!; ( also adjective) a prize (= having won, or worthy of, a prize) bull.) der Preis, Preis-...
    2. verb
    (to value highly: He prized my friendship above everything else.) schätzen
    II see academic.ru/58022/prise">prise
    * * *
    prize1
    [praɪz]
    I. n
    1. (sth won) Preis m; (in lottery) Gewinn m; (in competition) Preis m, Auszeichnung f
    to carry off [or win] a \prize einen Preis gewinnen
    to receive a \prize einen Preis erhalten
    to take a \prize for sth einen Preis für etw akk bekommen
    2. (reward) Lohn m; NAUT Prise f, Beute f
    the competitors were struggling for the \prize of market dominance die Konkurrenten kämpften um die Vorherrschaft auf dem Markt
    3. (beautiful thing) Kostbarkeit f
    4.
    ▶ there are no \prizes for guessing dreimal darfst du raten a. iron
    II. adj attr, inv
    1. ( dated or iron fam: first-rate) erster Güte nach n a. iron, erstklassig a. iron
    \prize idiot Vollidiot(in) m(f) pej sl
    2. (prize-winning) preisgekrönt, prämiert
    \prize horse Siegerpferd nt
    III. vt usu passive
    ▪ to \prize sth etw schätzen
    ▪ to \prize sth above sth etw über etw dat stellen
    she \prizes money above all für sie ist Geld am wichtigsten
    sb's \prized possession jds wertvollster Besitz
    to \prize sth highly etw hochschätzen
    prize2
    vt AM see prise
    [praɪz]
    esp BRIT, AUS, AM prize
    vt
    ▪ to \prize sth open etw [mit einem Hebel] aufbrechen [o aufstemmen]
    to \prize sb's hand open jds Hand [mit Gewalt] öffnen
    * * *
    I [praɪz]
    1. n
    1) Preism; (in lottery) Gewinnm, Preism

    (there are) no prizes for guessing (inf) — dreimal darfst du raten

    2) (NAUT: captured ship) Prisef (old)
    2. adj
    1) (= awarded a prize) entry, essay, sheep preisgekrönt
    2)

    (= awarded as a prize) prize trophy — Siegestrophäe f

    3)

    (= offering a prize) prize competition — Preisausschreiben nt

    3. vt
    (hoch) schätzen

    to prize sth highly — etw sehr or hoch schätzen

    prized possession — wertvollster Besitz, wertvollstes Stück; (of museum etc) Glanzstück nt, Paradestück nt

    II
    vt (US)
    See:
    = prise
    * * *
    prize1 [praız]
    A s
    1. (Sieger)Preis m (auch fig), Auszeichnung f:
    prize of hono(u)r Ehrenpreis
    2. ( auch Lotterie)Gewinn m:
    first prize der erste Preis, der Hauptgewinn;
    a) den ersten Preis gewinnen,
    b) fig das große Los ziehen
    3. Lohn m, Belohnung f
    B adj
    1. preisgekrönt, prämiiert
    2. Preis…
    3. erstklassig
    4. pej Riesen…:
    a prize prick vulg ein Arschloch der Sonderklasse
    C v/t (hoch) schätzen, würdigen:
    prize sth more than … etwas höher (ein)schätzen als …
    prize2 [praız]
    A s
    1. SCHIFF, MIL Prise f (Schiff, Ladung)
    2. Beute f
    B v/t ein Schiff aufbringen
    prize3 [praız] besonders Br
    A v/t
    1. (auf)stemmen:
    prize open (mit einem Hebel) aufbrechen, aufstemmen;
    prize up hochwuchten oder -stemmen
    a) jemandem ein Geheimnis entreißen,
    b) ein Geheimnis aus jemandem herauspressen
    B s
    1. Hebelwirkung f, -kraft f
    2. Hebel m
    * * *
    I 1. noun
    1) (reward, money) Preis, der

    win or take first prize — den ersten Preis gewinnen

    2) (in lottery) Gewinn, der
    3) (fig.): (something worth striving for) Lohn, der
    2. transitive verb

    prize something [highly] — etwas hoch schätzen

    3. attributive adjective
    1) (prize-winning) preisgekrönt

    prize medal/trophy — Siegesmedaille, die/Siegestrophäe, die

    3) (iron.)

    prize idiot — Vollidiot, der/-idiotin, die (ugs.)

    prize example — Musterbeispiel, das (iron.)

    II transitive verb

    prize [open] — aufstemmen

    prize information/a secret out of somebody — Informationen/ein Geheimnis aus jemandem herauspressen

    * * *
    n.
    Belohnung f.
    Ehrenpreis m.
    Gewinn -e m.
    Preis -e (im Wettbewerb, Belohnung) m.
    Preis -e m.
    Prämie -n f.
    Prämierung f.
    Siegespreis m. (US) v.
    schätzen v.

    English-german dictionary > prize

  • 5 prize

    I
    1.
    noun
    1) (a reward for good work etc: He was awarded a lot of prizes at school.) premio
    2) (something won in a competition etc: I've won first prize!; (also adjective) a prize (= having won, or worthy of, a prize) bull.) premio

    2. verb
    (to value highly: He prized my friendship above everything else.) apreciar, valorar

    II see prise
    prize n premio
    the first prize in the competition is £1000 el primer premio del concurso son mil libras
    tr[praɪz]
    1 (gen) premio
    1 (having won a prize) premiado,-a; (excellent) de primera, selecto,-a
    2 familiar (complete, utter) de remate, perfecto,-a
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    to win first prize (gen) ganar el primer premio 2 (in lottery) tocarle el gordo
    prize day (día nombre masculino de la) entrega de premios
    prize money premio (en metálico)
    ————————
    tr[praɪz]
    1 SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL→ link=prise prise{
    ————————
    tr[praɪz]
    1 apreciar, valorar
    prize ['praɪz] vt, prized ; prizing : valorar, apreciar
    prize adj
    1) : premiado
    a prize stallion: un semental premiado
    2) outstanding: de primera, excepcional
    1) award: premio m
    third prize: el tercer premio
    2) : joya f, tesoro m
    he's a real prize: es un tesoro
    adj.
    • de primera clase adj.
    • premiado, -a adj.
    n.
    • botín s.m.
    • galardón s.m.
    • premio s.m.
    • presa s.f.
    v.
    • apreciar v.
    • estimar v.
    • tallar v.
    • tasar v.

    I praɪz
    a) ( award) premio m

    first prize — el primer premio or el gordo; (before n)

    prize draw o (AmE) drawing — sorteo m


    II
    adjective (before n) <bull/essay> premiado

    he's a prize idiot — (colloq) es un idiota de marca mayor


    III
    1) ( value) valorar (mucho), tener* en gran estima
    2) BrE prise

    to prize information out of somebody — arrancarle* información a alguien


    I [praɪz]
    1. N
    1) (in competition, lottery) premio m

    to win a prize — (in competition) ganar un premio

    he won first prize — (in race, competition) se llevó el primer premio; (in lottery) le tocó el gordo

    to carry off the prize, win the prize — ganar el premio

    booby 2., cash 3., consolation 2., Nobel, star 4.
    2) (Sport) (=trophy) trofeo m ; (=money) premio m
    3) (fig) premio m, galardón m frm
    4) (Naut) presa f
    2. ADJ
    1) (=outstanding) de primera, de primera clase
    2) (=prizewinning) [entry, rose] galardonado, premiado; (fig) digno de premio
    3.
    VT apreciar mucho, estimar mucho
    4.
    CPD

    prize court N — (Naut) tribunal m de presas marítimas

    prize day N — (Scol) día m de reparto de premios

    prize draw N — sorteo m con premio, tómbola f

    prize fight N — (Boxing) partido m (de boxeo) profesional

    prize fighter N — boxeador m profesional

    prize fighting N — boxeo m profesional

    prize money N — (=cash) premio m en metálico; (Boxing) bolsa f ; (Naut) parte f de presa

    prize ring N — (Boxing) ring m


    II
    [praɪz]
    VT (US) = prise
    * * *

    I [praɪz]
    a) ( award) premio m

    first prize — el primer premio or el gordo; (before n)

    prize draw o (AmE) drawing — sorteo m


    II
    adjective (before n) <bull/essay> premiado

    he's a prize idiot — (colloq) es un idiota de marca mayor


    III
    1) ( value) valorar (mucho), tener* en gran estima
    2) BrE prise

    to prize information out of somebody — arrancarle* información a alguien

    English-spanish dictionary > prize

  • 6 prize

    I 1. noun
    1) (a reward for good work etc: He was awarded a lot of prizes at school.) nagrada
    2) (something won in a competition etc: I've won first prize!; ( also adjective) a prize (= having won, or worthy of, a prize) bull.) nagrada
    2. verb
    (to value highly: He prized my friendship above everything else.) ceniti
    II see prise
    * * *
    I [práiz]
    noun
    nagrada, premija, dobitek, plačilo; figuratively najboljše; vojni plen (zlasti ladja), zaplenitev
    II [práiz]
    transitive verb
    ceniti, spoštovati; nautical zapleniti (vojno) ladjo
    III [práiz]
    noun
    & transitive verb see prise

    English-Slovenian dictionary > prize

  • 7 Olympart prize

    1. Олимпийский приз за вклад в культуру и искусство Olympart

     

    Олимпийский приз за вклад в культуру и искусство Olympart
    Следуя традиции проведения конкурсов Олимпийского искусства, начало которым было положено Пьером де Кубертеном в 1906 году, и в которых он сам выиграл приз в области литературы на Играх V Олимпиады в 1912 году в Стокгольме, приз за Олимпийское искусство впервые вручался в 1992 году перед Играми XXV Олимпиады в Барселоне. Первым победителем стал шведский художник, Ганс Ерни, чьи работы включают в себя «Олимпийский костюм» и фреска с изображением кабинета Исполкома в Олимпийском доме в штаб-квартире МОК в Лозанне. Этот приз, состоящий из медали (Олимпийская медаль за вклад в культуру) и трофей, вручаются МОК на основании предложения, внесенного комитетом по культуре и искусству МОК.
    [Департамент лингвистических услуг Оргкомитета «Сочи 2014». Глоссарий терминов]

    EN

    Olympart prize
    In keeping with the tradition of the Olympic arts competitions launched by Pierre de Coubertin in 1906 and in which he himself won a prize for literature at the Games of the V Olympiad in Stockholm in 1912, the Olympart prize was awarded for the first time in 1992 prior to the Games of the XXV Olympiad in Barcelona. The first winner was the Swiss artist Hans Erni, whose works include an "Olympic Suite" and the fresco which adorns the Executive Board room at Olympic House, the IOCs Lausanne headquarters. This prize, which consists of a medal (the Olympic arts medal) and a trophy, is awarded by the IOC on the basis of a proposal from the IOC Cultural Commissions.
    [Департамент лингвистических услуг Оргкомитета «Сочи 2014». Глоссарий терминов]

    Тематики

    EN

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Olympart prize

  • 8 Deming Prize

    Gen Mgt
    an annual award to a company that has achieved significant performance improvement through the successful application of company-wide quality control. The Deming Prize was established in recognition of the work carried out by W. Edwards Deming in postwar Japan to improve manufacturing quality by reducing the potential for error. The Deming Prize has been awarded annually since 1951 by the Union of Japanese Scientists and Engineers. Contenders have to be able to demonstrate that, by applying the disciplines outlined by the assessment components, the productivity, growth, and financial performance of the organization have been improved. Entrants require substantial resource in order to be able to submit their entry, which can take years to prepare. The focus of the Deming Prize reflects a rigor for the identification and elimination of defects through teamwork. The prize was also the first to apply the process of self-assessment, which has been adopted by other models such as the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award and the EFQM Excellence Model.

    The ultimate business dictionary > Deming Prize

  • 9 Raymond Pittet prize

    1. приз Раймона Питте

     

    приз Раймона Питте
    Приз, присуждаемый МОК, был учрежден в честь спортивного журналиста из Лозанны, Раймона Питте, который умер в 1985 году. Он присуждается каждый год, начиная с 1986 года, представителю печатной прессы за выдающуюся статью на определенную тему.
    [Департамент лингвистических услуг Оргкомитета «Сочи 2014». Глоссарий терминов]

    EN

    Raymond Pittet prize
    This prize, awarded by the IOC, was instituted in honor of the Lausanne sports journalist Raymond Pittet who died in 1985. It has been awarded every year since 1986 to a member of the press who has written an outstanding article on a specified theme.
    [Департамент лингвистических услуг Оргкомитета «Сочи 2014». Глоссарий терминов]

    Тематики

    EN

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Raymond Pittet prize

  • 10 award

    1. transitive verb
    (grant) verleihen, zuerkennen [Preis, Auszeichnung]; zusprechen [Sorgerecht, Entschädigung]; gewähren [Zahlung, Gehaltserhöhung]

    award somebody something — jemandem etwas verleihen/zusprechen/gewähren

    2. noun
    1) (judicial decision) Schiedsspruch, der
    2) (payment) Entschädigung[ssumme], die; (grant) Stipendium, das
    3) (prize) Auszeichnung, die; Preis, der
    * * *
    [ə'wo:d] 1. verb
    1) (to give (someone something that he has won or deserved): They awarded her first prize.), auszeichnen, verleihen
    2) (to give: He was awarded damages of $5,000.) zuerkennen
    2. noun
    (a prize etc awarded: The film awards were presented annually.) die Auszeichnung
    * * *
    [əˈwɔ:d, AM -ˈwɔ:rd]
    I. vt
    to be \awarded damages Schadenersatz zugesprochen bekommen
    to \award sb a grant jdm ein Stipendium gewähren
    to \award sb a medal/prize jdm eine Medaille/einen Preis verleihen
    II. n
    1. (prize) Preis m, Auszeichnung f ( for für + akk)
    to be presented with an \award eine Auszeichnung [verliehen] bekommen, einen Preis bekommen
    2. (compensation) Entschädigung f
    \award of damages Zubilligung f von Schadenersatz
    3. LAW Zuerkennung f; (judicial decision) Schiedsspruch m
    * * *
    [ə'wɔːd]
    1. vt
    prize, penalty, free kick etc zusprechen (to sb jdm), zuerkennen (to sb jdm); (= present) prize, degree, medal etc verleihen (to sb jdm)

    to award sb first prize — jdm den ersten Preis zuerkennen

    2. n
    1) (= prize) Preis m; (for bravery etc) Auszeichnung f; (JUR) Zuerkennung f
    2) (UNIV) Stipendium nt
    * * *
    award [əˈwɔː(r)d]
    A v/t
    1. (durch Urteils- oder Schiedsspruch) zuerkennen oder zusprechen, SPORT e-en Freistoß etc geben (Schiedsrichter):
    he was awarded the prize der Preis wurde ihm zuerkannt;
    award damages against sb JUR jemanden zur Leistung von Schadenersatz verurteilen;
    be awarded (£10,000 in) damages (10 000 Pfund) Schadenersatz zugesprochen bekommen;
    they were awarded a penalty kick (Fußball) sie bekamen einen Strafstoß zugesprochen
    2. allg gewähren, erteilen, verleihen, zukommen lassen
    B s
    1. Urteil n, besonders Schiedsspruch m
    2. Zuerkennung f, WIRTSCH Zuschlag m (auf ein Angebot), Vergabe f (von Aufträgen)
    3. (zuerkannte) Belohnung oder Auszeichnung, (auch Film- etc) Preis m, (Ordens- etc) Verleihung f
    4. WIRTSCH Prämie f
    5. besonders UNIV Stipendium n
    * * *
    1. transitive verb
    (grant) verleihen, zuerkennen [Preis, Auszeichnung]; zusprechen [Sorgerecht, Entschädigung]; gewähren [Zahlung, Gehaltserhöhung]

    award somebody something — jemandem etwas verleihen/zusprechen/gewähren

    2. noun
    1) (judicial decision) Schiedsspruch, der
    2) (payment) Entschädigung[ssumme], die; (grant) Stipendium, das
    3) (prize) Auszeichnung, die; Preis, der
    * * *
    n.
    Gutachten n.
    Prämie -n f.
    Prämierung f. v.
    verleihen v.

    English-german dictionary > award

  • 11 Davy, Sir Humphry

    [br]
    b. 17 December 1778 Penzance, Cornwall, England
    d. 29 May 1829 Geneva, Switzerland
    [br]
    English chemist, discoverer of the alkali and alkaline earth metals and the halogens, inventor of the miner's safety lamp.
    [br]
    Educated at the Latin School at Penzance and from 1792 at Truro Grammar School, Davy was apprenticed to a surgeon in Penzance. In 1797 he began to teach himself chemistry by reading, among other works, Lavoisier's elementary treatise on chemistry. In 1798 Dr Thomas Beddoes of Bristol engaged him as assistant in setting up his Pneumatic Institution to pioneer the medical application of the newly discovered gases, especially oxygen.
    In 1799 he discovered the anaesthetic properties of nitrous oxide, discovered not long before by the chemist Joseph Priestley. He also noted its intoxicating qualities, on account of which it was dubbed "laughing-gas". Two years later Count Rumford, founder of the Royal Institution in 1800, appointed Davy Assistant Lecturer, and the following year Professor. His lecturing ability soon began to attract large audiences, making science both popular and fashionable.
    Davy was stimulated by Volta's invention of the voltaic pile, or electric battery, to construct one for himself in 1800. That enabled him to embark on the researches into electrochemistry by which is chiefly known. In 1807 he tried decomposing caustic soda and caustic potash, hitherto regarded as elements, by electrolysis and obtained the metals sodium and potassium. He went on to discover the metals barium, strontium, calcium and magnesium by the same means. Next, he turned his attention to chlorine, which was then regarded as an oxide in accordance with Lavoisier's theory that oxygen was the essential component of acids; Davy failed to decompose it, however, even with the aid of electricity and concluded that it was an element, thus disproving Lavoisier's view of the nature of acids. In 1812 Davy published his Elements of Chemical Philosophy, in which he presented his chemical ideas without, however, committing himself to the atomic theory, recently advanced by John Dalton.
    In 1813 Davy engaged Faraday as Assistant, perhaps his greatest service to science. In April 1815 Davy was asked to assist in the development of a miner's lamp which could be safely used in a firedamp (methane) laden atmosphere. The "Davy lamp", which emerged in January 1816, had its flame completely surrounded by a fine wire mesh; George Stephenson's lamp, based on a similar principle, had been introduced into the Northumberland pits several months earlier, and a bitter controversy as to priority of invention ensued, but it was Davy who was awarded the prize for inventing a successful safety lamp.
    In 1824 Davy was the first to suggest the possibility of conferring cathodic protection to the copper bottoms of naval vessels by the use of sacrificial electrodes. Zinc and iron were found to be equally effective in inhibiting corrosion, although the scheme was later abandoned when it was found that ships protected in this way were rapidly fouled by weeds and barnacles.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Knighted 1812. FRS 1803; President, Royal Society 1820. Royal Society Copley Medal 1805.
    Bibliography
    1812, Elements of Chemical Philosophy.
    1839–40, The Collected Works of Sir Humphry Davy, 9 vols, ed. John Davy, London.
    Further Reading
    J.Davy, 1836, Memoirs of the Life of Sir Humphry Davy, London (a classic biography). J.A.Paris, 1831, The Life of Sir Humphry Davy, London (a classic biography). H.Hartley, 1967, Humphry Davy, London (a more recent biography).
    J.Z.Fullmer, 1969, Cambridge, Mass, (a bibliography of Davy's works).
    ASD

    Biographical history of technology > Davy, Sir Humphry

  • 12 Literature

       The earliest known examples of literary writing in the Portuguese language is a collection of songbooks ( cancioneiros) that date from the 12th century, written by anonymous court troubadours, aristocrats, and clerics with poetic and musical talent. In the 13th and 14th centuries, ballads ( romanceiros) became popular at court. One of these written after the battle of Aljubarrota is considered to be the Portuguese equivalent of the English Arthurian legend. Literary prose in Portuguese began in the 14th century, with the compilation of chronicles ( chrónicos) written by Fernão Lopes de Castenhada who was commissioned by King Duarte (1430-38) to write a history of the House of Aviz.
       During the 15th and 16th centuries, Portuguese chroniclers turned their attention to the discoveries and the Portuguese overseas empire. The Portuguese discoveries in India and Asia were chronicled by João de Barros, whose writing appeared posthumously under the pen name of Diogo Do Couto; Fernão Lopes de Castenhade wrote a 10-volume chronicle of the Portuguese in India. The most famous chronicle from this period was the Peregrinação (Pilgrimage), a largely true adventure story and history of Portugal that was as popular among 17th-century readers in Iberia as was Miguel de Cer-vantes's Don Quixote. Portugal's most celebrated work of national literature, The Lusiads ( Os Lusíadas), written by Luís de Camões chronicled Vasco da Gama's voyage to India (1497-99) within the context of the history of Portugal.
       During the period when Portugal was under Spanish domination (1580-1640), the preferred language of literary expression was Castilian Spanish. The greatest writer of this period was Francisco Manuel de Melo, who wrote in Castilian and Portuguese. His most famous work is an eyewitness account of the 1640 Catalan revolt against Castile, Historia de los Movimientos y Separación de Cata-luna (1645), which allowed the Portuguese monarchy to regain its independence that same year.
       Little of note was written during the 17th century with the exception of Letters of a Portuguese Nun, an enormously popular work in the French language thought to have been written by Sister Mariana Alcoforado to a French officer Noel Bouton, Marquise de Chamilly.
       Modern Portuguese writing began in the early 19th century with the appearance of the prose-fiction of João Baptista de Almeida Garrett and the historian-novelist Alexandre Herculano. The last half of the 19th century was dominated by the Generation of 1870, which believed that Portugal was, due to the monarchy and the Catholic Church, a European backwater. Writers such as José Maria Eça de Queirós dissected the social decadence of their day and called for reform and national renewal. The most famous Portuguese poet of the 20th century is, without doubt, Fernando Pessoa, who wrote poetry and essays in English and Portuguese under various names. António Ferro (1895-1956) published best-selling accounts of the right-wing dictatorships in Italy and Spain that endeared him to Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar, who made him the Estado Novo's secretary of national propaganda.
       The various responses of the Portuguese people to the colonial African wars (1961-75) were chronicled by António Lobo Antunes. In 1998, the noted Portuguese novelist, poet, essayist, and travel writer, José Saramago was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, the first writer in the Portuguese language of whatever nationality to be so honored. His most famous novels translated into English include: Baltazar and Blimunda (1987), The Year of the Death of Ricardo Reis (1991), and The History of the Siege of Lisbon (1996).

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Literature

  • 13 Aubert, Jean

    SUBJECT AREA: Canals, Civil engineering
    [br]
    b. 7 February 1894 Paris, France
    d. 25 November 1984 Paris, France
    [br]
    French civil engineer.
    [br]
    Aubert was educated at the Lycée Louis-leGrand in Paris, and entered the Ecole Polytechnique in 1913. His studies were interrupted by the First World War, when he served as an artillery officer, being wounded twice and awarded the Croix de Guerre in 1916. He returned to the Ecole Polytechnique in 1919, and from 1920 to 1922 he attended the Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées; he graduated as Bachelor of Law from the University of Paris.
    In 1922 he began his long career, devoted principally to river and canal works. He was engineer in charge of the navigation works in Paris until 1932; he was then appointed Professor in the Chair of Internal Navigation at the Ecole des Ponts et Chaussées, a post he held until his retirement in 1961. From 1933 to 1945 he was general manager and later chairman of the Compagnie Nationale du Rhône; from 1945 to 1953, chairman of the electricity board of the Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer français; and from 1949 to 1967, chairman of the Rhine Navigation Company. Following his retirement, he was chairman of the Société des Constructions des Batignolles, and from 1966 consulting engineer and honorary chairman of SPIE Batignolles; he was also chairman of several other companies.
    In 1919 he published La Probabilité dans les tires de guerre, for which he was awarded the Pierson-Perrim prize by the Académie des Sciences in 1922. During his career he wrote numerous articles and papers on technical and economic subjects, his last, entitled "Philosophic de la pente d'eau", appearing in the journal Travaux in 1984 when he was ninety years old.
    Aubert's principal works included the construction of the Pont Edouard-Herriort on the Rhône at Lyon; the design and construction of the Génissiat and Lonzères-Mondragon dams on the Rhône; and the conception and design of the Denouval dam on the Seine near Andresy, completed in 1980. He was awarded the Caméré prize in 1934 by the Académie des Sciences for a new type of movable dam. Overseas governments and the United Nations consulted him on river navigation inter alia in Brazil, on the Mahanadi river in India, on the Konkomé river in Guinea, on the Vistula river in Poland, on the Paraguay river in South America and others.
    In 1961 he published his revolutionary ideas on the pente d'eau, or "water slope", which was designed to eliminate delays and loss of water in transferring barges from one level to another, without the use of locks. This design consisted of a sloping flume or channel through which a wedge of water, in which the barge was floating, was pushed by a powered unit. A prototype at Mon tech on the Canal Latéral at La Garonne, bypassing five locks, was opened in 1973. A second was opened in 1984 on the Canal du Midi at Fonserannes, near Béziers.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Croix de Guerre 1916. Académie des Sciences: Prix Pierson-Perrim 1922, Prix Caméré 1934. Ingénieur Général des Ponts et Chaussées 1951. Commandeur de la Légion d'honneur 1960.
    Further Reading
    David Tew, 1984, Canal Inclines and Lifts, Gloucester: Alan Sutton.
    JHB

    Biographical history of technology > Aubert, Jean

  • 14 award

    ə'wo:d 1. verb
    1) (to give (someone something that he has won or deserved): They awarded her first prize.) gi, tildele
    2) (to give: He was awarded damages of $5,000.) tilkjenne
    2. noun
    (a prize etc awarded: The film awards were presented annually.) pris, premie
    pris
    I
    subst. \/əˈwɔːd\/
    1) pris, belønning, stipendium, erstatning
    2) ( jus) kjennelse (spesielt voldgiftskjennelse)
    II
    verb \/əˈwɔːd\/
    1) tildele, belønne med, tilkjenne
    2) ( jus) avsi, felle (en dom), tilkjenne

    English-Norwegian dictionary > award

  • 15 award

    I [ə'wɔːd] n

    For the third time since the Nobel Prizes were instituted the awards for both Physics and Chemistry have been given to British men of science. — В третий раз с тех пор, как существуют Нобелевские премии в области физики и химии, обе награды были присуждены британским ученым

    II [ə'wɔːd] v

    The judges awarded the prize to her. — Судьи присудили ей приз.

    The judges awarded her the prize. — Судьи присудили ей приз.

    He awarded to the Bishop of Vienna four neighbouring cities. — Он дал в награду епископу Вены четыре соседних города.

    He awarded to the Bishop of Vienna four neighbouring cities. — Он дал в награду епископу Вены четыре соседних города.

    - award smb smth
    - award smb first prize
    USAGE:
    Глагол to award, как и словосочетание to give award, употребляется в конструкции с двумя обязательными дополнениями - с прямым и косвенным: to award smb smth Русскому сочетанию его наградили соответствует пассивная форма: he was awarded a medal (an order, a prize) или he received an award (for smth).

    English-Russian combinatory dictionary > award

  • 16 Appleton, Sir Edward Victor

    [br]
    b. 6 September 1892 Bradford, England
    d. 21 April 1965 Edinburgh, Scotland
    [br]
    English physicist awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for his discovery of the ionospheric layer, named after him, which is an efficient reflector of short radio waves, thereby making possible long-distance radio communication.
    [br]
    After early ambitions to become a professional cricketer, Appleton went to St John's College, Cambridge, where he studied under J.J.Thompson and Ernest Rutherford. His academic career interrupted by the First World War, he served as a captain in the Royal Engineers, carrying out investigations into the propagation and fading of radio signals. After the war he joined the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, as a demonstrator in 1920, and in 1924 he moved to King's College, London, as Wheatstone Professor of Physics.
    In the following decade he contributed to developments in valve oscillators (in particular, the "squegging" oscillator, which formed the basis of the first hard-valve time-base) and gained international recognition for research into electromagnetic-wave propagation. His most important contribution was to confirm the existence of a conducting ionospheric layer in the upper atmosphere capable of reflecting radio waves, which had been predicted almost simultaneously by Heaviside and Kennelly in 1902. This he did by persuading the BBC in 1924 to vary the frequency of their Bournemouth transmitter, and he then measured the signal received at Cambridge. By comparing the direct and reflected rays and the daily variation he was able to deduce that the Kennelly- Heaviside (the so-called E-layer) was at a height of about 60 miles (97 km) above the earth and that there was a further layer (the Appleton or F-layer) at about 150 miles (240 km), the latter being an efficient reflector of the shorter radio waves that penetrated the lower layers. During the period 1927–32 and aided by Hartree, he established a magneto-ionic theory to explain the existence of the ionosphere. He was instrumental in obtaining agreement for international co-operation for ionospheric and other measurements in the form of the Second Polar Year (1932–3) and, much later, the International Geophysical Year (1957–8). For all this work, which made it possible to forecast the optimum frequencies for long-distance short-wave communication as a function of the location of transmitter and receiver and of the time of day and year, in 1947 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics.
    He returned to Cambridge as Jacksonian Professor of Natural Philosophy in 1939, and with M.F. Barnett he investigated the possible use of radio waves for radio-location of aircraft. In 1939 he became Secretary of the Government Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, a post he held for ten years. During the Second World War he contributed to the development of both radar and the atomic bomb, and subsequently served on government committees concerned with the use of atomic energy (which led to the establishment of Harwell) and with scientific staff.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Knighted (KCB 1941, GBE 1946). Nobel Prize for Physics 1947. FRS 1927. Vice- President, American Institute of Electrical Engineers 1932. Royal Society Hughes Medal 1933. Institute of Electrical Engineers Faraday Medal 1946. Vice-Chancellor, Edinburgh University 1947. Institution of Civil Engineers Ewing Medal 1949. Royal Medallist 1950. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Medal of Honour 1962. President, British Association 1953. President, Radio Industry Council 1955–7. Légion d'honneur. LLD University of St Andrews 1947.
    Bibliography
    1925, joint paper with Barnett, Nature 115:333 (reports Appleton's studies of the ionosphere).
    1928, "Some notes of wireless methods of investigating the electrical structure of the upper atmosphere", Proceedings of the Physical Society 41(Part III):43. 1932, Thermionic Vacuum Tubes and Their Applications (his work on valves).
    1947, "The investigation and forecasting of ionospheric conditions", Journal of the
    Institution of Electrical Engineers 94, Part IIIA: 186 (a review of British work on the exploration of the ionosphere).
    with J.F.Herd \& R.A.Watson-Watt, British patent no. 235,254 (squegging oscillator).
    Further Reading
    Who Was Who, 1961–70 1972, VI, London: A. \& C.Black (for fuller details of honours). R.Clark, 1971, Sir Edward Appleton, Pergamon (biography).
    J.Jewkes, D.Sawers \& R.Stillerman, 1958, The Sources of Invention.
    KF

    Biographical history of technology > Appleton, Sir Edward Victor

  • 17 Egas Moniz, DR. Antônio Caetano

    (1874-1955)
       Pioneer physician and neurosurgeon, sometime republican political figure, and minister during the First Republic, and Portugal's only Nobel Prize winner until 1998 (when the Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to José Saramago). Trained as a doctor at Coimbra University's medical school, Egas Moniz was named a professor in 1902. In 1911, after having studied at several clinics in France, he was transferred to the Chair of Neurology at the University of Lisbon.
       In 1903, he began his involvement in politics when he was elected a deputy to the monarchy's parliament. During the early and middle phases of the First Republic, Egas Moniz became one of the more important moderate republican personalities in the Constituent Assembly, a leading member of José Almeida's Evolutionist Party, a founder of the Centrist Party, and a staunch supporter of presidentialism and President Sidônio Pais. In a sense a prophet without honor during some of the more difficult phases of the turbulent republic, Egas Moniz was Portugal's minister to Spain in 1917-18, then minister of foreign affairs. During 1919, he headed Portugal's delegation to the Versailles Peace Conference. Exhausted and disillusioned with politics and government service by mid-1919, he devoted the remainder of his active life to medical practice and neurological research and writing.
       In 1927, after intensive experimentation, Egas Moniz performed the first cerebral angiography on a patient; this X-ray provided vital information on the brain in terms of blood circulation within it, the most significant finding in half a century. In 1935, he pioneered a new type of brain operation. His great contributions to medicine and to neurosurgery were finally recognized in 1949, when he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of the uses of leucotomy in certain psychoses. His two fascinating memoirs ( Confidencias de um Investigador Científico, 1949, and A Nossa Casa, 1950) are among the more significant and prescient of Portuguese memorial works in modern times. A tenacious collector of plastic arts, his collection is housed in the Egas Moniz House-Museum at Avança (near Aveiro), northern Portugal, and other memorabilia related to this outstanding scientist are located in the Egas Moniz Museum, Lisbon.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Egas Moniz, DR. Antônio Caetano

  • 18 ♦ award

    ♦ award /əˈwɔ:d/
    n.
    1 premio: to win an award, vincere un premio; He's the winner of several international awards, ha vinto diversi premi internazionali; the Enterpreneur of the Year Award, il Premio «Imprenditore dell'anno»; award ceremony, cerimonia della premiazione; award winner, premiato (sost.); award-winning, premiato (agg.)
    2 onorificenza; riconoscimento; medaglia: (mil.) award for valour, medaglia al valore
    3 [u] conferimento; assegnazione; aggiudicazione: the award of the Nobel Prize, il conferimento del premio Nobel; award of prizes, assegnazione dei premi; premiazione; the award of a contract, l'aggiudicazione di un appalto
    6 (leg.) lodo arbitrale; giudizio arbitrale
    ● (ass.) award of damages, liquidazione del danno □ (Austral.) award wage, salario minimo.
    (to) award /əˈwɔ:d/
    v. t.
    1 assegnare; conferire; dare; concedere: to award prizes, assegnare premi; premiare; He was awarded the Nobel prize, gli è stato conferito il premio Nobel; to award sb. a study grant, assegnare a q. una borsa di studio; (mil.) to be awarded the Military Cross, ricevere la croce di guerra
    2 (leg.) aggiudicare; assegnare: Part of the estate was awarded to the widow, parte della proprietà è stata assegnata alla vedova; to award a contract, aggiudicare un appalto; to award a pay rise, dare un aumento di stipendio; to award custody of a child to the mother, assegnare la custodia del figlio alla madre; He was awarded damages, ottenne il risarcimento del danno subìto
    3 ( sport) concedere, convalidare ( un gol, ecc.); concedere, comminare, decretare ( una punizione, un rigore)
    awarding
    n. [u]
    1 assegnazione; conferimento
    2 (leg.) aggiudicazione; assegnazione
    3 ( sport) concessione, convalida ( di un gol, ecc.).

    English-Italian dictionary > ♦ award

  • 19 Gabor, Dennis (Dénes)

    [br]
    b. 5 June 1900 Budapest, Hungary
    d. 9 February 1979 London, England
    [br]
    Hungarian (naturalized British) physicist, inventor of holography.
    [br]
    Gabor became interested in physics at an early age. Called up for military service in 1918, he was soon released when the First World War came to an end. He then began a mechanical engineering course at the Budapest Technical University, but a further order to register for military service prompted him to flee in 1920 to Germany, where he completed his studies at Berlin Technical University. He was awarded a Diploma in Engineering in 1924 and a Doctorate in Electrical Engineering in 1927. He then went on to work in the physics laboratory of Siemens \& Halske. He returned to Hungary in 1933 and developed a new kind of fluorescent lamp called the plasma lamp. Failing to find a market for this device, Gabor made the decision to abandon his homeland and emigrate to England. There he joined British Thompson-Houston (BTH) in 1934 and married a colleague from the company in 1936. Gabor was also unsuccessful in his attempts to develop the plasma lamp in England, and by 1937 he had begun to work in the field of electron optics. His work was interrupted by the outbreak of war in 1939, although as he was not yet a British subject he was barred from making any significant contribution to the British war effort. It was only when the war was near its end that he was able to return to electron optics and begin the work that led to the invention of holography. The theory was developed during 1947 and 1948; Gabor went on to demonstrate that the theories worked, although it was not until the invention of the laser in 1960 that the full potential of his invention could be appreciated. He coined the term "hologram" from the Greek holos, meaning complete, and gram, meaning written. The three-dimensional images have since found many applications in various fields, including map making, medical imaging, computing, information technology, art and advertising. Gabor left BTH to become an associate professor at the Imperial College of Science and Technology in 1949, a position he held until his retirement in 1967. In 1971 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for his work on holography.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Royal Society Rumford Medal 1968. Franklin Institute Michelson Medal 1968. CBE 1970. Nobel Prize for Physics 1971.
    Bibliography
    1948. "A new microscopic principle", Nature 161:777 (Gabor's earliest publication on holography).
    1949. "Microscopy by reconstructed wavefronts", Proceedings of the Royal Society A197: 454–87.
    1951, "Microscopy by reconstructed wavefronts II", Proc. Phys. Soc. B, 64:449–69. 1966, "Holography or the “Whole Picture”", New Scientist 29:74–8 (an interesting account written after laser beams were used to produce optical holograms).
    Further Reading
    T.E.Allibone, 1980, contribution to Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 26: 107–47 (a full account of Gabor's life and work).
    JW

    Biographical history of technology > Gabor, Dennis (Dénes)

  • 20 Brinell, Johann August

    SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy
    [br]
    b. 1849 Småland, Sweden
    d. 17 November 1925 Stockholm, Sweden
    [br]
    Swedish metallurgist, inventor of the well-known method of hardness measurement which uses a steel-ball indenter.
    [br]
    Brinell graduated as an engineer from Boräs Technical School, and his interest in metallurgy began to develop in 1875 when he became an engineer at the ironworks of Lesjöfors and came under the influence of Gustaf Ekman. In 1882 he was appointed Chief Engineer at the Fagersta Ironworks, where he became one of Sweden's leading experts in the manufacture and heat treatment of tool steels.
    His reputation in this field was established in 1885 when he published a paper on the structural changes which occurred in steels when they were heated and cooled, and he was among the first to recognize and define the critical points of steel and their importance in heat treatment. Some of these preliminary findings were first exhibited at Stockholm in 1897. His exhibit at the World Exhibition at Paris in 1900 was far more detailed and there he displayed for the first time his method of hardness determination using a steel-ball indenter. For these contributions he was awarded the French Grand Prix and also the Polhem Prize of the Swedish Technical Society.
    He was later concerned with evaluating and developing the iron-ore deposits of north Sweden and was one of the pioneers of the electric blast-furnace. In 1903 he became Chief Engineer of the Jernkontoret and remained there until 1914. In this capacity and as Editor of the Jernkontorets Annaler he made significant contributions to Swedish metallurgy. His pioneer work on abrasion resistance, undertaken long before the term tribology had been invented, gained him the Rinman Medal, awarded by the Jernkontoret in 1920.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Member of the Swedish Academy of Science 1902. Dr Honoris Causa, University of Upsala 1907. French Grand Prix, Paris World Exhibition 1900; Swedish Technical Society Polhem Prize 1900; Iron and Steel Institute Bessemer Medal 1907; Jernkontorets Rinman Medal 1920.
    Further Reading
    Axel Wahlberg, 1901, Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute 59:243 (the first English-language description of the Brinell Hardness Test).
    Machinery's Encyclopedia, 1917, Vol. III, New York: Industrial Press, pp. 527–40 (a very readable account of the Brinell test in relation to the other hardness tests available at the beginning of the twentieth century).
    Hardness Test Research Committee, 1916, Bibliography on hardness testing, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers.
    ASD

    Biographical history of technology > Brinell, Johann August

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